< > [Additive](../index.html) >Sheet Lamination
## Sheet Lamination - Laminate Object Monaufacturing (LOM)
<ul>
<li>1987: Michael Feygin filed a U.S. patent describing the process that would later be dubbed laminated object manufacturing (LOM)
<li>1990s: process commercialization with Helisys, now known as <b><a href='http://www.cubictechnologies.com/Helisys.htm'> Cubic Technologies</a></b>
</ul>
###System
Laminated object modeling process comprised of (a) vertically movable build platform, (b) material feedstock containing sheet rolls, (c) residual material collection, (d) CO2 laser, and (e) laser optics cutting layer contours and crosshatch pattern.
<ul>
<li>hybrid process: subtractive + AM</b>
<li>fabrication of larger parts at low cost in combination with relative higher speeds
<li>resolution: 0.2 mm in the x and y direction and 0.3 mm in the z-direction
</ul>
### Operating Principle
<b><a href= 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tltry_6Q-Kk'> Process Animation </a></b>:
<ul>
<li>1st Step: adhesive sheet stock feeding with rollers to the building platform + lamination using a heating roller
<li>2nd Step: cutting of countours either with C02 laser attached to a movable printhead
<li>3rd Step: residual sheet cutting into rectangular compartments (crosshatch pattern)
<li>4th Step: The contoured area is attached to the build object and then lowered away from the sheet
<li>5th Step: take-up roll winds up the remaining material
<li>6th Step: supply of fresh material
<li>Repeat
</ul>
### Materials & Applications
LOM has been used with:
<ul>
<li>various thermoplastics including PMMA and PC as well as polymer-based
composites
<li>continuous fiber reinforced epoxy resins to build free-standing objects
<li>ceramics for multilayerpart fabrication
</ul>
<ul>
<li><b><a href='http://www.mcortechnologies.com/3d-printers/'> MCOR paper-based LOM - Selective Deposition Lamination</a></b>: In this process, sheets of standard A4 or letter-sized paper are cut into shape using a tungsten carbide blade and then bonded by selectively placed droplets of a water-based adhesive. Areas that will make up the final part receive a high concentration of the adhesive, while areas used for support receive less. </li>
</ul>
]]>