< > [Fiber Processes](index.html) > Cloth
<style>
body {margin-left:2.5%;}
a, p a {color: #484848; border-bottom: 3px solid #484848;}
a:hover { border-bottom:1px solid black; color:#c3c3c3; text-decoration: none;}
h1 {text-transform: uppercase; color: #484848; font-size: 20px;}
h2 {text-transform: uppercase; color: #484848; font-size: 25px;}
h3 {text-transform: uppercase; color: #484848; font-size: 15px;}
ol, ul, li {list-style: none;}
br {line-height: 2.5em;}
</style>
<br>
<h1><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weaving">weaving </a></h1> a process in which two types of thread or yarn are interlaced together the two types of threads run in different directions, with the warp threads running length-wise as the weft threads get inserted horizontally. In weaving threads are always straight and perpendicular to each other. The most common means of producing woven textiles is on a machine called the <a href="http://fab.cba.mit.edu/classes/MAS.865/people/geletina/#what-loom">loom</a>, which can be configured to produce both flat sheets as well as <a href="http://www.asoehose.com/img/asoeloom02.png">circular structures</a>.
<h3>open source options:</h3>
<a href="http://web.mit.edu/imoyer/www/portfolio/jacquard/index.html">Ilan's 24-Bit Friendship Loom</a> <br>
<a href="http://www.osloom.org/?page_id=44">OSloom</a> : an open source Jaquard loom that never posted it's models, files, etc <br>
<a href="https://creators.vice.com/en_us/article/xy49n7/digital-loom-open-source-desktop-fabric-printer">Pamela Liou's</a> loom is also undocumented <br>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/270284586" frameborder="0" allowFullScreen mozallowfullscreen webkitAllowFullScreen></iframe> <br>
<h3>etcetera:</h3>
<a href="http://www.qucosa.de/fileadmin/data/qucosa/documents/761/1195729741274-9389.pdf?origin%3Dpublication_detail">Development of the Weaving Machine and 3D Woven Spacer
Fabric Structures for Lightweight Composites Materials</a> <br>
<a href="http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/36903/InTech-3d_woven_fabrics.pdf">3D Woven Fabrics</a><br>
<h1><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knitting">knitting</a></h1> unlike weaving knitting typically uses a single source of yarn that loops onto itself, over and under the established path. This gives knitted fabrics greater flexibility. It also allows for a greater contour control.
<h3>open source options:</h3>
<a href="http://openknit.org/">Open-Knit</a> / <a href="https://github.com/g3rard/OpenKnit">github repository</a> / <a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/Building-the-Open-Knit-machine/">instructables tutorial</a>. The initiative "spun" itself off into a start-up called <a href="http://www.kniterate.com/product/kniterate-the-digital-knitting-machine/">Kniterate, priced at ~$6,500.</a> <br>
Circular Knitic / <a href="https://github.com/var-mar/circular_knitic">github repository</a> / <a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/Circular-Knitic/">instructables tutorial</a>. Mar Canet, a collaborator on the Knitic project has written <a href="https://github.com/mcanet/knitting_machine">processing sketches</a> for the Brother KH930 and KH940 electronic knitting machines to replace the machines' existing electronics with an arduino. <br>
Brother knitting machines are no longer available but have developed a cult following - <a href="http://fab.cba.mit.edu/classes/MAS.865/people/geletina/#brother">more information</a>.<br>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/GhnTSWMMtdU" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen></iframe> <br>
<h3>etcetera:</h3>
<a href="https://www.knittingmagic.biz/practical-guide/images/285_167_125-tunnel-inlay-technique.png">inlay knitting</a> / <a href="http://nptel.ac.in/courses/116102008/32">course</a> <br>
<a href="http://www.midwestmachineknitters.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Short-Row-Partial-Knitting_dzk-10-03-2014.pdf">short row knitting</a><br>
<a href="https://textiles-lab.github.io/publications/2018-autoknit/">Automatic Machine Knitting of 3D Meshes</a><br>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/D-kpy44tB4M" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen></iframe><br>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/28618663" frameborder="0" allowFullScreen mozallowfullscreen webkitAllowFullScreen></iframe> <br>
<a href="https://www.archdaily.com/297941/meet-the-artist-behind-those-amazing-hand-knitted-playgrounds/?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter">Giant hand knit playgrounds</a><br>
<a href="https://researchbank.rmit.edu.au/eserv/rmit:6130/Underwood.pdf">The Design of 3D Shape Knitted Preforms</a> (PhD thesis)<br>
<a href="http://www.carriemcknelly.com/knitting-behavior/">Knitting Behaviour</a> <br>
<h3>simulation and rendering:</h3>
<a href="http://www.cemyuksel.com/research/stitchmeshes/">Stitch Meshes</a> (Yuksel et al.)<br>
<a href="https://www.cs.cornell.edu/projects/YarnCloth/">Yarn level simulation</a> (Kaldor et al.)<br>
<a href="http://www.cs.utah.edu/~kwu/rtfr.html">Real-time Cloth Rendering</a><br>
<a href="http://www.cs.cornell.edu/projects/ctcloth/">Modeling and Rendering Fabrics at Micron-resolution</a>
<h1><a href="ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crochet">crochet</a></h1> chrochet is a method, similar to knitting, that manipulates loops of yarn with typically one active loop the chrochet doesn't lend itself to unraveling during the production process. There do not seem to be active DIY chrochet projects, it's a method that remains confined to a craft domain with very little automation. Mainly because unlike knitting the process entails multiple loops on one needle rather than multiple stitches on multiple needles as seen in the knitting machines.<br>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/270294948" frameborder="0" allowFullScreen mozallowfullscreen webkitAllowFullScreen></iframe> <br>
<h1><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felt">felting</a></h1> is produced by matting, condensing and pressing fibers together – there is no stitching or looping involved. Needle felting does not require water to form fibers into place.
<h3>open source options:</h3>
<a href="http://wiki.textile-academy.org/fabricademy2017/students/alexandra.roldan/week_8">Textile Academy felting machine</a><br>
<h1><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braid">braiding</a></h1> is produced by interlacing three or more strands of flexible material.<br>
<h3>open source options:</h3><a href="http://www.stigantonnielsen.com/braiding-machine-open-source-project/">Stig Anton Nielsen's open source modular machine</a> <br>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/j19na8LMBnE" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen></iframe>
]]>