< > [Additive Manufacturing](../) > SLA
## Digital Light Processing/LCD
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<div><img src="https://www.kudo3d.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/DLP_technology.jpg" alt="" width="390" /></div>
<p><span style="color: #999999;">DLP uses a digital projector or screen to flash a single image of each layer across the entire platform at once. Because the projector is a digital screen, the image of each layer is composed of square pixels, resulting in a layer formed from small rectangular bricks called voxels.</span></p>
#### Ligh Source
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<li><span style="color: #333333;"><a style="color: #333333;" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qOsibeDX8jM"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">DLP Projector</span></a> (near UV)</span></li>
<li><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #333333;"><a style="color: #333333; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://hackaday.io/project/21461-low-cost-open-source-lcd-based-sla-3d-printer">UV LCD "projector" </a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="text-decoration: underline; color: #333333;"><a style="color: #333333; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://makezine.com/2017/10/26/ono-3d-printer-in-action-at-maker-faire-new-york/">LCD screen</a></span>(DayLight Resin Required)</li>
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#### Pixelization
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<div><img src="https://formlabs.com/media/upload/_thumbs/SLA-v-DLP-spot-size.jpg.895x0_q80_crop-smart.jpg" alt="" width="777" height="259" /></div>
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#### Comparison to Laser SLA printer
<div><span style="color: #333333;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a style="color: #333333; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://formlabs.com/blog/3d-printing-technology-comparison-sla-dlp/">Laser SLA vs DLP </a></span>(<span style="color: #999999;">smooth finish</span>)</span></div>
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<div><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #333333; text-decoration: underline;"><a style="color: #333333; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://www.kudo3d.com/sla-3d-printing-difference-in-laser-and-dlp-light-generation/">DLP vs Laser SLA </a>(</span></span><span style="color: #999999;">speed, less moving parts, anti-aliasing to remove pixelizaion</span>)</div>
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#### <span style="color: #ff6600;">Fun</span> <span style="color: #333333;">Things to do with Desktop SLA/DLP/LCD printer</span>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;"><strong>(smoothness, watertightness, UV exposure)</strong></span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;">Lens, <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a style="color: #333333; text-decoration: underline;" href="http://amosdudley.com/weblog/SLO-Camera">100% 3D printed Camera</a></span> (<a style="color: #333333;" href=" https://formlabs.com/blog/photos-from-a-3d-printed-camera/ ">Photos</a>)</span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;"><a style="color: #333333;" href="https://formlabs.com/blog/3d-printing-transparent-parts-techniques-for-finishing-clear-resin/"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">shiny transparent objects</span> </a></span>(clear coating, soak in epoxy, soak in resin. <span style="color: #999999;">Designers like me waste same amount hour of the printing trying to make them clear</span>, <span style="color: #ff0000;">Not Fun </span>experiments)</div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a style="color: #333333; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://support.formlabs.com/hc/en-us/articles/115000018024-Using-Castable-Resin">Jewelry</a></span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(<a style="color: #333333; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://youtu.be/BX8w-GUPz1w?t=8m">investment casting</a>) </span></span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;">fluid channel (drainage problem)</span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="../sla/printedOptics.pdf"> light channel</a></span> </span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a style="color: #333333; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://formlabs.com/media/upload/Formlabs_OpenFL.pdf">open FL</a></span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(<a style="color: #333333; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://github.com/formlabs/openfl">gitHub</a>)</span></span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;">single-line lithopane</span> <span style="color: #999999;">black resin 1 layer on acrylic board</span></div>
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<div><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://info.pcboard.ca/uv-led-pcb-exposure-build/"><span style="color: #333333; text-decoration: underline;">Expose pre sensitize pcb</span> </a></span>(<span style="color: #999999;">if you want to live longer don't try it: Chemical Lamination that will resolve in water after UV exposure, rest of the lamination act like protective film during etching process. Soak it in Ferric Chloride and uncovered part will be etched. Ingestion of <strong>ferric chloridecan result in serious morbidity and mortality.</strong></span> )</div>
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<div><span style="text-decoration: underline; color: #333333;"><a style="color: #333333; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1GOB0cCpFdja8ZRXWzOQFaYb6GP7ySc3FDqEgjmnik8M/edit#gid=85404480">save money</a></span></div>
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####<span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.3dhubs.com/knowledge-base/3d-printing-geometry-restrictions">Limitation </a></strong></span>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;">Build Volume</span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;">Material Flexibility</span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #999999;">Inverted SLA comes with its own set of limitations. Due to the peel forces affecting the print when it’s separated from the surface of the tank, the build volume is limited, and larger support structures are required to keep the part attached to the build platform. Peel forces also limit the use of more flexible materials—Shore hardness below ~70A, because the support structures become flexible as well.</span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;">Print Orientation</span><span style="color: #999999;"> (show and tell)</span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;">Maintenance</span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;">resolution ( x,y 140 microns <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a style="color: #333333; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_resolution">Rayleigh criterion</a></span>, z 25 microns)</span></div>
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#### Other SLA laser/DLP/LCD Machines:
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<div><span style="color: #333333;"><em><u>Desktop:</u></em></span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;"><em>Laser:</em></span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #999999;">The Projet 1200</span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #999999;">Ember</span></div>
<div><span style="text-decoration: underline; color: #999999;"><a style="color: #999999; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://www.uniz.com/">Uniz Slash OL (Uni-Direction-Peeling)</a></span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;"><em>DLP (usually near-UV projector):</em></span></div>
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<div><span style="text-decoration: underline; color: #999999;"><a style="color: #999999; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://www.3dsystems.com/fabpro">FabPro 1000</a></span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #999999;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a style="color: #999999; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://www.kudo3d.com/titan2-and-titan2-hr/">Kudo3D</a></span> (<span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a style="color: #999999; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://www.kudo3d.com/understanding-kudo3d-psp-resin-container/">Passive Peeling</a></span>)</span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #999999;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a style="color: #999999; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://www.gizmo3dprinters.com.au/3d-printers">GIZMO3D</a> </span>(405nm Violet Projector)</span><a href="https://www.gizmo3dprinters.com.au/3d-printers"><br /></a></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;"><em>LCD:</em></span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;">UV light Source + LCD <a style="color: #333333;" href="https://hackaday.io/project/21461-low-cost-open-source-lcd-based-sla-3d-printer">(<span style="text-decoration: underline;">DIY</span>)</a></span></div>
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<div><span style="text-decoration: underline; color: #999999;"><a style="color: #999999; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://youtu.be/5YrUQOYLoK0?t=3m44s">Anycubic Photon</a></span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;">Daylight-Sensitive Resin Required (Hard to work with):</span></div>
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<div><span style="text-decoration: underline; color: #999999;"><a style="color: #999999; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://makezine.com/2017/10/26/ono-3d-printer-in-action-at-maker-faire-new-york/">ONO 3D</a></span></div>
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<div><span style="text-decoration: underline; color: #999999;"><a style="color: #999999; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://photocentricgroup.com/lchr/?v=7516fd43adaa">The Liquid Crystal</a></span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;"><em><u>Industrial: </u></em></span></div>
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<div><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #999999; text-decoration: underline;"><a style="color: #999999; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://www.3dsystems.com/3d-printers/prox-950">proX 950</a> </span></span><span style="color: #333333;">right side up </span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #999999;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a style="color: #999999; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://www.prodways.com/en/industrial-3D-printers/">Prodways</a></span> </span><span style="color: #333333;">DLP</span></div>
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#### Why not DLP/LCD
<div><span style="color: #333333;">Why <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://fab.cba.mit.edu/classes/865.18/additive/sla/index.html">Laser SLA</a></strong></span>: Better Surface finish? We just like formlabs better</span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;">Why <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="../clip.pdf"> CLIP </a> </strong></span>: No more peeling </span></div>
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<div><span style="color: #333333;">Why <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="../multiphoton/index.html">Multi-Photon</a></strong></span>: Overcome the limit of <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a style="color: #333333; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_resolution">Rayleigh criterion</a></span>.</span> <span style="color: #999999;">Based on the limitation of optical diffraction, generation of Airy Pattern. IR have larger wavelength so less diffraction, Multi-photon technique require much higher photon density to triger TPA(two-photon absorption) to achieve polymerization</span></div>
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