5: Microcontroller programming

 

 

 

 


Hiro(ya) Tanaka
htanaka(a) sfc.keio.ac.jp

 

 

 

 

 

5-1 Assembler, C ------ Native Coding
Hello.ftdi + LED + Button + Processing (Serial Library)
Source Codes (Both PC-side and Microconttoller-side) are at the bottom of this page.



FabISP

Hello.ftdi Board

Eagle Design.
LED Output PIN5 (PB2)
Button Input PIN10 (PA3)


Design


Outline and Holes


Wires

5-2 Modella Milling!!! with lots of failures
 

Failure-1: When I used a 1/8, 1/16, 1/32 endmills, it was too thick.....

Failure-2: When the surface was not flat, the result was...


Useless.

Failure3: Jie kindly taught me how to make a circuit by a vinyl-cutter.
Thank you very much! It was fun!


However, because of my bad skills of craft, it became messy....


Failure4: Two lines were not separated......Be careful.
Don't believe Modella, because he is a machine!


Failure5: It took so many hours and days to debug..... Thank you multimeter..

And thanks Ahmed for buying a cable.

5-3 Result: "Motivation Recoverer" for making almost anything.
(My laptop computer was broken last week. I was almost despared. I really had to recover my motivation. )

 

5-4: Code (PC)

Processing Code:

import fullscreen.*;
FullScreen fs;
import processing.serial.*;
Serial myPort;
PFont fontA;

void setup() {

size(800, 800);

println(Serial.list());
myPort = new Serial(this, Serial.list()[2], 9600);

fontA = loadFont("Arial-BoldMT-48.vlw");
textFont(fontA, 32);

fs = new FullScreen(this);
fs.setShortcutsEnabled(true);

}

void draw(){

String inByte = myPort.readString();
if (inByte!=null) { fill(255); text("You can make almost anything!!!", 160, 400);}
if (inByte==null) { background(0);}
}

5-5: Code (microcontroller)

Final Code (ftdi) in C

//

#include <avr/io.h>
#include <util/delay.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#define sbi(PORT,BIT) PORT|=_BV(BIT)
#define cbi(PORT,BIT) PORT&=~_BV(BIT)
#define ibi(sfr, bit) (bit_is_set(sfr,bit)?1:0)

#define output(directions,pin) (directions |= pin) // set port direction for output
#define set(port,pin) (port |= pin) // set port pin
#define clear(port,pin) (port &= (~pin)) // clear port pin
#define pin_test(pins,pin) (pins & pin) // test for port pin
#define bit_test(byte,bit) (byte & (1 << bit)) // test for bit set
#define bit_delay_time 8.5 // bit delay for 115200 with overhead
#define bit_delay() _delay_us(bit_delay_time) // RS232 bit delay
#define half_bit_delay() _delay_us(bit_delay_time/2) // RS232 half bit delay
#define char_delay() _delay_ms(10) // char delay

#define serial_port PORTA
#define serial_direction DDRA
#define serial_pins PINA
#define serial_pin_in (1 << PA0)
#define serial_pin_out (1 << PA1)

void get_char(volatile unsigned char *pins, unsigned char pin, char *rxbyte) {
//
// read character into rxbyte on pins pin
// assumes line driver (inverts bits)
//
*rxbyte = 0;
while (pin_test(*pins,pin))
//
// wait for start bit
//
;
//
// delay to middle of first data bit
//
half_bit_delay();
bit_delay();
//
// unrolled loop to read data bits
//
if pin_test(*pins,pin)
*rxbyte |= (1 << 0);
else
*rxbyte |= (0 << 0);
bit_delay();
if pin_test(*pins,pin)
*rxbyte |= (1 << 1);
else
*rxbyte |= (0 << 1);
bit_delay();
if pin_test(*pins,pin)
*rxbyte |= (1 << 2);
else
*rxbyte |= (0 << 2);
bit_delay();
if pin_test(*pins,pin)
*rxbyte |= (1 << 3);
else
*rxbyte |= (0 << 3);
bit_delay();
if pin_test(*pins,pin)
*rxbyte |= (1 << 4);
else
*rxbyte |= (0 << 4);
bit_delay();
if pin_test(*pins,pin)
*rxbyte |= (1 << 5);
else
*rxbyte |= (0 << 5);
bit_delay();
if pin_test(*pins,pin)
*rxbyte |= (1 << 6);
else
*rxbyte |= (0 << 6);
bit_delay();
if pin_test(*pins,pin)
*rxbyte |= (1 << 7);
else
*rxbyte |= (0 << 7);
//
// wait for stop bit
//
bit_delay();
half_bit_delay();
}

void put_char(volatile unsigned char *port, unsigned char pin, char txchar) {
//
// send character in txchar on port pin
// assumes line driver (inverts bits)
//
// start bit
//
clear(*port,pin);
bit_delay();
//
// unrolled loop to write data bits
//
if bit_test(txchar,0)
set(*port,pin);
else
clear(*port,pin);
bit_delay();
if bit_test(txchar,1)
set(*port,pin);
else
clear(*port,pin);
bit_delay();
if bit_test(txchar,2)
set(*port,pin);
else
clear(*port,pin);
bit_delay();
if bit_test(txchar,3)
set(*port,pin);
else
clear(*port,pin);
bit_delay();
if bit_test(txchar,4)
set(*port,pin);
else
clear(*port,pin);
bit_delay();
if bit_test(txchar,5)
set(*port,pin);
else
clear(*port,pin);
bit_delay();
if bit_test(txchar,6)
set(*port,pin);
else
clear(*port,pin);
bit_delay();
if bit_test(txchar,7)
set(*port,pin);
else
clear(*port,pin);
bit_delay();
//
// stop bit
//
set(*port,pin);
bit_delay();
//
// char delay
//
bit_delay();
}

void put_string(volatile unsigned char *port, unsigned char pin, PGM_P str) {
//
// send character in txchar on port pin
// assumes line driver (inverts bits)
//
static char chr;
static int index;
index = 0;
do {
chr = pgm_read_byte(&(str[index]));
put_char(&serial_port, serial_pin_out, chr);
++index;
} while (chr != 0);
}

int main(void) {
//
// main
//
//
// set clock divider to /1
//
CLKPR = (1 << CLKPCE);
CLKPR = (0 << CLKPS3) | (0 << CLKPS2) | (0 << CLKPS1) | (0 << CLKPS0);
//
// initialize output pins
//
set(serial_port, serial_pin_out);
output(serial_direction, serial_pin_out);
//
// main loop
//
DDRB = 0b00000100;
DDRA = 0b11110111;

for(;;) {
if (ibi(PINA,PA3)) {
cbi(PORTB,PB2);
} else {
sbi(PORTB,PB2);
put_char(&serial_port, serial_pin_out, 01);
put_char(&serial_port, serial_pin_out, 10); // new line
}
}
return 0;

}

5-6: Links

http://www.ladyada.net/make/usbtinyisp/avrdude.html
http://fab.cba.mit.edu/classes/MIT/863.09/people/mellis/microcontrollers/index.html
http://www.as220.org/labs/blog/
http://as220.org/fabacademy/2010/2010/08/complete-and-working----modified-hello-echo-button-ftdi-v2--.html
http://hlt.media.mit.edu/wiki/pmwiki.php?n=Main.AVRProgrammingAdvanced

5-7: Magic

avr-gcc -c -mmcu=attiny44 -o brink.out brink.S
avrdude -c usbtiny -p m8
avrdude -p t44 -c usbtiny -U flash:w:file.hex

avr-gcc -mmcu=attiny44 -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=20000000 -I./ -o hello.echo.44.out hello.echo.44.c
avr-objcopy -j .text -O ihex hello.echo.44.out hello.echo.44.hex