In designing the machine, I took two parallel paths that Intersected in the final design of the lathe. The first path was a standard rectangle like and robust shape with horizontal shafts on the top side. The second path was a flat and thin design with all the shafts on the same plane but allowing movement in perpendicular directions. I had a lot of debate with myself if I should place the z-axis on the printer head itself or within the machine design. Should I lift the object that being printed (or milled) or the whole x-axis. Finally I decided to keep the rotating axis fixed and lift the x-axis with the moving head.